Python, Java,C#, C++ & C Programming Practices For Beginners

Python is an interpreted, high–level and general–purpose programming language. Created by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991, Python’s design philosophy emphasizes code readability with its notable use of significant whitespace. Its language constructs and object–oriented approach aim to help programmers write clear, logical code for small and large–scale projects.

Python is dynamically typed and garbage–collected. It supports multiple programming paradigms, including structured (particularly, procedural), object–oriented, and functional programming. Python is often described as a batteries included language due to its comprehensive standard library.

Python was created in the late 1980s as a successor to the ABC language. Python 2.0, released in 2000, introduced features like list comprehensions and a garbage collection system with reference counting.

Python 3.0, released in 2008, was a major revision of the language that is not completely backward–compatible, and much Python 2 code does not run unmodified on Python 3.

The Python 2 language was officially discontinued in 2020 (first planned for 2015), and Python 2.7.18 is the last Python 2.7 release and therefore the last Python 2 release. No more security patches or other improvements will be released for it. With Python 2’s end–of–life, only Python 3.6.x and later are supported.

Java is a class–based, object–oriented programming language that is designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. It is a general–purpose programming language intended to let application developers write once, run anywhere (WORA), meaning that compiled Java code can run on all platforms that support Java without the need for recompilation. Java applications are typically compiled to bytecode that can run on any Java virtual machine (JVM) regardless of the underlying computer architecture. The syntax of Java is similar to C and C++, but it has fewer low–level facilities than either of them. As of 2019, Java was one of the most popular programming languages in use according to GitHub, particularly for client–server web applications, with a reported 9 million developers.